Shah Abbas decided to move the capital of his empire from Qazvin to Isfahan, 
Then he decide to build a square that it has some historical places and bazaar.
That square was a garden that named naqshe-e-jahan ,the names of the historical place that is in this square is:Ali Qapu ]
Masjed-e Shah(ABBASI JAME mosque),SHEIKH LOTFOLLAH mosque and …
In the bazaar sales Isfahan 's handicraft.
After a while this square named shah square.
This square is one of the most beautiful place in Isfahan. 
Shah Abbas wanted to undermine this seperate political structure, and the recreation of Isfahan, as a Grand capital of Persia, was an important step in centralizing the power.[8] The ingenuity of the square, or Maidān, was that, by building it, Shah Abbas would gather the three main components of power in Persia in his own backyard; the power of the clergy, represented by the Masjed-e Shah, the power of the merchants, represented by the Imperial Bazaar, and of course, the power of the Shah himself